Synopsis

• In this study, patients with melanoma were treated with nivolumab plus relatlimab and only nivolumab to test if treatment-free survival (TFS) differed.

• At 48 months, patients treated with nivolumab plus relatlimab were free from disease for 9.7 months when compared to those treated with nivolumab (6.7 months).

• Disease-free survival was similar when these groups were assessed without grade 3 adverse events or other subgroups such as BRAF or PD-L1 expression. Overall survival was similar (52% vs. 43%).

Conclusion

Nivolumab plus relatlimab was better than nivolumab alone in reducing melanoma progression in 48 months.

Synopsis

• Different phases of sleep are associated with excessive fear and related anxiety disorders. The authors studied how sleep manipulation affects the development of fear.

• There were four groups including 126 patients. These groups were total sleep deprivation (SD), early-night (dominated by NREM sleep) SD, late-night (dominated by REM sleep) SD, and total sleep.

• REM sleep reduces fear; however, reduction in REM sleep favors fear rather than complete loss of sleep.

Conclusion

Therefore, varying lengths of REM sleep is essential for creating exaggerated fear.

Synopsis  

• A randomized clinical trial (RAF4) was conducted in 12 clinical centers to test the effectiveness and safety of vernakalant and procainamide for managing acute atrial fibrillation (chest pain) in the ER.

• When compared to procainamide, vernakalant was more effective (48.3% vs 62.4%, p=0.005) and faster (44. 7 vs 21.8 minutes, p<0.001) in reestablishing normal sinus rhythm.

• In addition, vernakalant was more effective in younger patients. Similar adverse effects were produced by both drugs.

Conclusion

Vernakalant is a more effective intravenous drug for rapidly treating acute chest pain.